One of 33 two-seaters built for the US Navy, a scout version of the FF-1 fighter. Photo by: Rudy Arnold / Smithsonian Institution

NX12V was retained by Grumman as a demonstrator. NR12V when used for racing. It was sold to Canadian Car and Foundry Company as a demonstrator for the G-23. Canadian production as a way to get around bans on the export of weapons from the USA to Spain during its civil war. A small number also served with the RCAF. Photo by: Rudy Arnold / Smithsonian Institution

Aircraft of the US Naval Air Reserve visiting the Western Canada Air Show in 1937. BuNo 9471 crashed less than two months later in Port Townsend, Washington. The second aircraft is 9483, the fourth is Grumman JF Duck 9839. On the far left is a Supermarine Walrus from the British cruiser Exeter, K8341. Photo by: James Crookall / City of Vancouver Archives

The Grumman SF was a reconnaissance variant of the FF 'Fifi', little different from the two-seat fighter. The FF and SF were both retired from first-line US Navy squadrons by the end of 1936 and allocated to Naval Air Reserve units. On the left is BuNo 9471. Photo by: James Crookall / City of Vancouver Archives